Rich cities of Cairo and Giza many archaeological sites, including:
Online civil Giza Pyramids area Saqqara Dahshur area
Civilian Online.
Obeilisk of Al Matariya
, One of the most important archeological sites of Pharaonic known as Ain Shams or Helio Polis is one of the oldest capitals of the ancient world and the most important archaeological monuments Obelisk King Senusret I Obelisk rain is the only vestige of the landmarks of this city.
Giza pyramids area
Pyramids
The three pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure one of the seven ancient wonders as they are considered an achievement engineered architecturally unique witness to the greatness of Egypt and Hmokh and stands to guard the Sphinx.
Pyramids of Giza:
This site was chosen by King Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure his successors, for the construction of the funerary their group, which includes three Ohramathm, and funerary boats of Khufu, and the Sphinx. The site includes tombs of nobles of the Fourth Dynasty, as well as the tombs of the workers who contributed to the construction of the royal pyramids, tombs and senior statesmen.
Pyramid of Cheops Pyramid of Khufu
The Pyramid of Cheops first Hzhalahiramat and attributed to King Khufu's second kings of the Fourth Dynasty, came to power after the death of his father (Bent), full name) Khanm scared me any idol Khnum who protect me) was built by engineer (Ham Ono). Was held on an area of thirteen acres, and the pyramid of two entrances on the north side, and still retains a portion of the pyramid at the top Xah original height was 146 m and the current elevation is 137 m. The length of each of the aspects of 230 m, and the inclination angle of about 50-51 degrees.
Pyramid was built from limestone, which is the same as the original stone of the place. Internal corridor and the burial chamber upper-containing coffin Ahadjra- Benita of red granite outer face of the limestone square pyramid shape length of each side originally 230 meters.
Pyramid built in a way the air pressure, the number of stones used in the construction of about 2.3000.00 stone block. The average weight of both of them between 2.5 to 15 tons, has been building the pyramid took twenty years.
There in the original design of the pyramid group that consists of: Valley Temple, boarding pier, which is received funerary temple in the east of the pyramid, and finally the pyramidal shape of the cemetery. In the east of the pyramid found three small pyramids of the king's wives,
Entrance is located in the north at an altitude of 20 meters from ground level. Contains a surface leads to a corridor leading to an underground chamber, was not completed. Boarding pier length of 38 meters and a height of one meter, leading to a corridor stretching 35 meters at a height of 1.75 meters climb to the second chamber in the pyramid.
The second room is made of limestone dimensions of 5.20 m × 5.70 m 0.15 m high the highest point of the roof, on the east wall of the room opening leading to restricted corridor and communicate with senior Bdehles burial chamber at the beginning of the corridor accidental There porch dimensions of 47 m in length, and 8 0.50 m in height with roof included. In the middle there is a vestibule low of 60 cm, the limbs above the level of his land. This corridor connects to the burial chamber corridor length of 8.40 m and a height of 3.14 m and with three slots.
The room containing the ark Grania of the king, and on the north and south walls are no openings for ventilation and reached the outer section of the pyramid. Above the ceiling of the burial chamber, there are five granite rooms. Land mortuary temple is located in the east of the pyramid. Rise of the pier was up the valley temple mortuary temple, which was buried under mud in the village of Nazlat quail.
Pyramid of Khafre
King Chephren Pyramid
The second pyramid of the three Giza pyramids, still retains a portion of the Xah at its peak so far, with a height of 143.5 meters and a length of 215.5 meters each side, and the angle of inclination 53.10, located at ground level, and the entrance corridor leads to the downside, the roof of the granite and the angle of descent 22, ends at the barricade is moving to a horizontal corridor
Then cross the corridor that connects to the burial chamber hewn in the rock also contains the roof of limestone. There in the middle of the pyramid and contain granite sarcophagus.
Second entrance up to the passage of the rock, the corridor proceeds accidental until it connects berth leads to an empty room (perhaps used for funerary furniture).
Mortuary temple
Located in the east of the pyramid, it is clear that he was making a great temple of limestone and covered with granite blocks covering the walls and ceiling and the earth, the entrance leads to the lounge and then to the tile. Valley Temple: entrance vestibule leads to the hall and then to a T-16 contains a column of granite height of about four meters. Hall was paved. Walls planned 23 a statue of Khafre. He is credited with also a rock carving statue (Sphinx).
Pyramid of Menkaure
The pyramid of King Menkaure
Pyramid of Menkaure is smaller pyramids of the Giza Plateau and has a height of 66 meters or 216 feet. It is built on the edge of the sloping plateau.
The base was originally 108.5, yards or 355.8 square feet. But as a result of lifting the stones to be used later for other purposes, it has become the length of the sides of the base is about 102.2 meters × 104.6 meters or 335.2 × 343.1 feet forward and rise aspects angle of 51 degrees.
Six classes Lower ten were encased in rose granite blocks. The burial chamber was cut in the rock bottom of the pyramid and can be accessed through the northern entrance along a slope. Another ramp corridor also cut down the first corridor.
The burial chamber was closed by three Sedat of granite or stone molds, which were lowered into vertical slots cut into the walls. Interior room has been used as a storeroom and the other was the burial chamber with a pointed roof. The walls are covered with granite blocks.
Was built as a funerary temple and the temple of the valley and the road leading to two of brick and poor quality stone. Pyramid dimensions: height 66 m length of each side of ribs 108 meters.
Pyramids boats sun Museum Extensions
Each of the pyramid of the three pyramids must have the following:
1 - two doors on the north side (Navy).
First: in Madamik (rows of bricks or stones) lower.
And the second a little above it. Each of them is connected to the burial chamber. The front door of this small compartments for worship.
2 - on the eastern side of each pyramid was built a huge temple called the Temple rituals or funerary temple. This temple is related to another temple called the Temple
Valley, the road built from severed from the Giza area itself huge stones and called the ascending road.
3 - It was all pyramid also kits that will be held around the huge wall, so as not to approach him a non-priests. It was built this wall of stone, or of raw brick.
4. The most important thing to draw attention from the effects of King Khufu owner of the Great Pyramid is the wheels of his chariots, which became famous as the "sun boats", which is now displayed at the Museum of extension Pyramids of Giza area.
What is yet exist is five places for boats .. three of which are located to the east of the Great Pyramid. It is a long dig deep carved into the rock in the form of boats, two of which trend is moving parallel to the eastern side of the north and the south, perpendicular to this third leg between East and West. Then found the two places for new vehicles in Mnhottin large rock to the south of the Great Pyramid.
Sphinx
Sphinx is a statue of his body body of a lion and a human head. And guarding the tombs and temples were carved from limestone and head represents King Khafre. And symbolizes the Sphinx to the strength and wisdom and intelligence. It is an image of the god Ra the sun god and a length of 20 feet and a height of 70 feet.
Saqqara area.
Saqqara area located thirty-five kilometers south-west of Giza, and there are several hierarchical groups of the kings of the third, fifth and sixth dynasties bones, as well as terraces senior statesmen decorated with wonderful paintings depicting daily life in the era of the old state. It sparked months of Saqqara area:
Pyramid of Djoser
Pyramid Zausralmadrj
The base of the pyramid length of 130 meters, width of 110 meters, the height of which is composed of six degrees is about 60 meters, and each degree or terrace rising from underneath about two meters, and the first high terrace of about ten meters. We have built this pyramid of limestone fragile stone, which extracted from the surrounding area Bsagarh.omdkhal this pyramid of North "marine side, and is located down the first of it class and contains inside several corridors, and many of mazes and multiple rooms are covered with some of the walls with clay blue, green, another has a vestibule decorated with such paintings, and has three fake doors contain inscriptions of King Djoser.
Main entrance of the group
The main entrance to the wall starts King Zoser architectural group door made of stone, and leads the door to the large lobby, a long foyer fraught with large columns.
And there is a small door leads to a wonderful long corridor carrying a roof forty columns of stone represents assertive tied the reed.
In the north-eastern side, there Mustbtan to Omartin of the daughters of King Djoser and the lobby of each of the columns in front of him.
Dahshur area
Dhishorōhy cemetery for Memphis southern region, and contain a number of hierarchical groups and effects. It was the fourth since the family cemetery where he built the King Bent Ohramath two of the three, and two curved pyramid Red Pyramid, The latter was the first full pyramid in Egypt.
In the central state has some of the kings of the Twelfth Dynasty, namely Amenemhat II, and Senusret III and Amenemhat III construction Ohramathm there.
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